過(guò)渡詞在文章中發(fā)揮著(zhù)連接上下文的作用，學(xué)會(huì )恰當地運用過(guò)渡詞會(huì )使文章連貫、流暢。

1.常用于文章開(kāi)始的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和句子

(1)To begin with首先

例：To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas."

首先，公共場(chǎng)所禁止吸煙。"

(2)Generally speaking一般地說(shuō)，總體上說(shuō)

例：Generally speaking, it is the best policy to spend more money on libraries."

總的說(shuō)來(lái)，加大圖書(shū)館的投資是良策。"

(3)First of all第一，首先

例：First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty."

第一，居住在邊遠地區的許多人仍生活在貧困之中。"

(4)With (the development/progress/growth)of(economy/society)...隨著(zhù)(經(jīng)濟、社會(huì ))的(發(fā)展、進(jìn)步、增長(cháng))...

例：With the development of society, women's role has become more important than ever before in daily life."

隨著(zhù)社會(huì )的發(fā)展，婦女在社會(huì )生活中比以往發(fā)揮著(zhù)更加重要的作用。"

(5)Recently近來(lái)

例：Recently，the problem (conflict, production) of grain shortage has become the world focus."

近來(lái)糧食短缺問(wèn)題已成為全球關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。"

2.常用于文章結尾的過(guò)渡詞和句子

(1)In conclusion最后，在結束時(shí)

例：In conclusion, the international agreement should be made to prevent the world from war."

最后，應達成國際協(xié)定使世界避免戰爭。"

(2)In brief簡(jiǎn)言之

例：In brief, family planning is of vital importance in China."

簡(jiǎn)言之，計劃生育對中國具有重要意義。"

(3)In a word總之

例：In a word, without mutual understanding, true friendship does not exist."

總之，沒(méi)有相互理解，真正的友誼是不存在的。"

(4)It is high time that...到...時(shí)候了

例：It is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development."

為了促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展到該解決問(wèn)題的時(shí)候了。"

(5)It is only when...that...只有當...才...

例：It is only when people become the masters of the country that science can serve the people."

只有當人民成為國家的主人，科學(xué)才能為人民服務(wù)。"

3.常用于表示先后次序的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)及句子

(1)first, second, third...第一，第二，第三

例：First, she had studied chemistry during her sophomore and junior years. Second, she never missed a class. Third, she performed every required experiment in all her chemistry courses. Fourth, she always worked hard. Her classmates were sure that she would win top award in Chemistry during her senior year at the university."

首先，她在一二年級時(shí)就選修了化學(xué)課程。其次，她從不誤課。再有，她認真完成每一次化學(xué)試驗。還有，她學(xué)習非�？炭�。因而同學(xué)們確信她在高年級時(shí)會(huì )獲得學(xué)�；瘜W(xué)大獎。"

(2)To begin with...,moreover...,finally...，首先...，此外...，最后...

例：There are a few reasons for his decision of studying law. To begin with, he is very interested in social affairs and it seems the best way to enable him to engage in these activities. Moreover, his father is a lawyer. He has always encouraged him to do something similar. Finally, he is sure he can get a job after graduation."

他決定學(xué)法律有幾方面的原因：首先，他對社會(huì )事物感興趣，學(xué)習法律有助于他參與這些活動(dòng)。此外，他父親是個(gè)律師，一直鼓勵他從事同樣的職業(yè)。最后，他確信畢業(yè)后能找到工作。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法"

(3)Meanwhile同時(shí)

例：Meanwhile, the better skills and knowledge children possess, the more opportunities they will be ensured."

同時(shí)，孩子們的技藝與知識掌握得越好，今后的機會(huì )就越多。"

(4)since then自此之后

例：Since then, the Olympics turned out to be an instrument of peace and freedom for small nations."

自此之后，奧林匹克運動(dòng)成為小國爭取和平和自由的工具。"

(5)Therefore因而

例：Therefore, if this is included in good education that parents are seeking now, their children will be definitely ensured a bright future."

因而，如果父母們在其為孩子們尋求的良好教育中加入這一點(diǎn)，他們的子女肯定會(huì )有一個(gè)光輝燦爛的未來(lái)。"

4.常用于表示因果關(guān)系及分析原因的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)與句子

(1)As a result由于...結果

例：Her performance in college was excellent. As a result, she has got a satisfactory job."

由于她在大學(xué)成績(jì)優(yōu)異，她找到一份令人滿(mǎn)意的工作。"

(2)Due to由于

例：My trip to Guang Zhou and Shen Zhen has to be cancelled due to the financial problem."

由于財務(wù)問(wèn)題，我去廣州和深圳的旅行取消了。"

(3)consequently結果，因此

例：The government was unwilling to risk a conflict with that neighboring country, and consequently, promised to sign the treaty."

該國政府不愿冒險與鄰國發(fā)生沖突，因此答應簽署條約。"

(4)One may criticize......for......，but the real cause of...lies deeper人們可以因為...批評...，但是...的真正原因在更深層次

例：One may criticize the school authorities for the fire accident, but the real reason of the accident lies deeper."

人們可以就火災事故批評校領(lǐng)導，但事故還有更深的原因。"

(5)Among...reasons, one should be emphasized that...在眾多的原因中，其中一點(diǎn)給予強調...

例：Among the most important reasons, one reason should be emphasized that large pieces of cultivated land have been occupied, which results in the grain shortage."

在許多重要的原因中，其中一點(diǎn)應強調的是造成糧食減產(chǎn)是因為大量的可耕地被占用。"

5.常用于比較和對比的過(guò)渡詞

(1)unlike...與...不同

例：Unlike oral English, written English is comparatively formal."

與口頭英語(yǔ)不同，筆頭英語(yǔ)比較正規。"

(2)In contrast...與之相比

例：In contrast with Tom, Mario seldom studies harder."

與湯姆比，瑪里奧很少努力學(xué)習。"

(3)On the other hand...另一方面

例：The life expectancy in developing countries has increased during the past thirty years. On the other hand, the infant mortality has decreased from twenty percent to ten percent in the same period."

發(fā)展中國家的期望壽命在過(guò)去的30年間都增長(cháng)了。另一方面嬰兒死亡率同期由20%下降到10%。"

(4)Likewise同樣

例：Plenty of food must be packed for the journey;likewise, warm clothes will also be needed."

要帶上旅行中吃的食品，同樣也需要帶上御寒保暖的衣服。"

(5)similarly同樣

例：If only one can make his audience understood, it seems insignificant if one makes some mistakes in his oral English; similarly, as to the audience, they are only interested in grasping the meaning, not actually mind or even hardly notice the speakers mistakes."

只要能使聽(tīng)眾聽(tīng)明白，在口頭英語(yǔ)中出一些錯誤是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的，同樣作為聽(tīng)眾也只對講話(huà)者的意思感興趣，根本不介意或幾乎注意不到講話(huà)者所犯的口語(yǔ)錯誤。"

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