來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò )資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-03-03 22:47:29
III.選詞填空。
1. no 2. across 3. 9-year-old 4. unlike
5. thinks over 6. come true 7. an
8. or 9. take the subway 10. For
02
重點(diǎn)句型解析
1. be afraid…
afraid是形容詞, 意為“害怕的, 恐懼的”。常和系動(dòng)詞一起構成系表結構。例如:
I am not afraid. 我不害怕。
句式be afraid是afraid最常用的形式,其常見(jiàn)的用法有:
1)be afraid of
、 be afraid of 后跟名詞或者代詞,意為“害怕某人或某物”。例如:
Are you afraid of dogs? 你害怕狗嗎?
She seems very much afraid of him. 她好像很害怕他。
、 be afraid of后跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí),意為“怕做某事或不敢做某事”。例如: I’m afraid of telling her. 我不敢告訴她。
He is afraid of jumping. 他不敢跳。
、 be afraid of還可以指“擔心會(huì )發(fā)生某事或某情況(但實(shí)際上未必會(huì )發(fā)生)”。例如:
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I am afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕傷害她的感情。
2)be afraid to
be afraid to 后接動(dòng)詞原形,意為“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”。例如: He is afraid to fly in a plane. 他不敢坐飛機。
注意:表示擔心會(huì )發(fā)生某事或某情況,只能用 be afraid of , 而表示“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”時(shí),既可以用be afraid of 也可以用be afraid to。例如:
Don’t be afraid to ask (of asking) question.
不要害怕問(wèn)問(wèn)題。
He is afraid to go out (of going out) alone at night.
他不敢晚上一個(gè)人出去。
3)be afraid that
be afraid that后跟一個(gè)完整的句子,意為“擔心/恐怕……”。例如:
He is afraid that she will not come. 他擔心她不會(huì )來(lái)。
I am afraid I can’t help you. 恐怕我幫不了你。
在日?谡Z(yǔ)中, “I’m afraid that…”在很多場(chǎng)合相當于“I’m sorry, but…”。用于提出異議,說(shuō)出令人不快的事實(shí),拒絕對方的要求等,使語(yǔ)氣委婉。例如:
I'm afraid I don't understand. 抱歉,我不明白你的意思。
I’m afraid you are wrong. (You are wrong, I’m afraid.) 恐怕你錯了。
4)在口語(yǔ)中I’m afraid so. 和I’m afraid not.常用作簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)。例如: -Is it going to rain tomorrow? 明天會(huì )下雨嗎?
。璉’m afraid so. 恐怕會(huì )。
。璉’m afraid not. 恐怕不會(huì )。
2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1)It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意為“做某事需要花費某人多長(cháng)時(shí)間”。take在此意為“花費”,it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式to do sth.,對這個(gè)句式 中的時(shí)間提問(wèn)時(shí)用how long。例如:
It takes me half an hour to finish my homework every day.
我每天花費半個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間做作業(yè)。
How long does it take you from your home to school?
從學(xué)校到你家要花多長(cháng)時(shí)間?
2)動(dòng)詞spend也有“花費多長(cháng)時(shí)間做某事”的意思,但句式和take不同。它的句式是“sb. spends + 時(shí)間或金錢(qián)+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.”。例如: I spend about 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework every day.
我每天花大約三個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。
3. How do you get to school?
1)這是由how構成的一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句,用來(lái)提問(wèn)到達某地的方式。句子的結構是“How+ do/does+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”。當主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數時(shí),助動(dòng)詞用does,其余人稱(chēng)用do。例如:
How do you go home every day? 你每天怎么回家?
How does your father get to work? 你爸爸怎么去上班?
2)特殊疑問(wèn)詞how 有“如何,怎樣,多么”等意,用于詢(xún)問(wèn)動(dòng)作執行的方式、手段、程度。例如:
— How does your father go to work? 你父親怎樣去上班?
— On foot. 步行。
— How do you like China? 你覺(jué)得中國怎么樣?
— Very much. 非常喜歡。
— How are your parents? 你父母身體怎樣?
— Fine. Thank you. 很好,謝謝!
拓展:
how可以和不同的詞搭配,構成不同的意思來(lái)引導特殊疑問(wèn)句, 除了我們之前學(xué)過(guò)的 “how about, how many/ much, how old”等,常見(jiàn)的搭配還有:
how far 用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)距離,意為“多遠”;
how long用于詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間的長(cháng)短或者物體的長(cháng)度意為“多長(cháng)/久”。例如:
How far is it from your school to the cinema?
從你們學(xué)校到電影院有多遠?
How long is the river? 那條河有多長(cháng)?
4. 表示“乘……”的幾種表達方式
1)用介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示交通方式,介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)。
(1) 用“by + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如:
by bike騎自行車(chē) by car乘小汽車(chē) by bus乘公共汽車(chē)
(2) 用“by + 交通路線(xiàn)的位置”來(lái)表示交通方式。例如:
by water由水路 by land從陸路 by sea從海路 by air乘飛機
(3) 用“in/on + 冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/指示代詞 + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。 其中,in多用在car等交通工具之前,而on多用在bike/horse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前,它們的用法與“by + 交通工具名詞”的用法相同。例如:
She often goes to school on a/her bike.= She often goes to school by bike.她經(jīng)常騎自行車(chē)上學(xué)。
(4) on foot步行。on foot是固定搭配,表示步行,其中foot不能用復數形式feet,其前也不加任何修飾詞。例如:
She often goes to school on foot. 她經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。
2)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)表示交通方式,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)在句中作謂語(yǔ)。
(1)用“take + a/the + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如:
take a train乘火車(chē) take a bus乘公共汽車(chē)
take a ship乘船 take a plane乘飛機
注意:“騎自行車(chē)”要翻譯為“ride a bike”
(2) 用某些動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示交通方式。例如:
walk to步行去 drive to開(kāi)車(chē)去 ride to騎車(chē)/馬去
注意:如果接地點(diǎn)副詞here; there; home時(shí),介詞to應該省略。
5. I’m not sure.
1)這句話(huà)的意思是“我不是很肯定。/ 我不是很有把握。”;是一個(gè)表達對自己所判斷的事物沒(méi)有確切把握時(shí)的一個(gè)固定套語(yǔ),它的疑問(wèn)形式和肯定形式也常用于口語(yǔ)中。 例如:
。瑼re you sure? 你確信嗎?
。璝es, I’m sure. 是的,我確信。
2)其中的形容詞sure意為“肯定的,確定的”, 可以構成詞組make sure, 意為“把事情弄清楚,確信,務(wù)使”等;可以直接在句子中作謂語(yǔ)。例如:
Make sure everybody understand you.
要確信每一個(gè)人都明白你的意思。
練一練:
、.根據課文內容補全對話(huà),每空一詞(L:Lisa J:Jane)。
L: Is this your new bike?
J: Yes. I 1 it to school every day. How do you 2 to school?
L: I usually 3 the bus.
J: How 4 is it from your school to home?
L: I’m not 5 . It’s about 10 kilometers. The bus 6 takes about 20 minutes. How about you?
J: About 15 minutes 7 bike. It’s good 8 .
L: Yeath. Well, have a 9 day at school.
J: You, 10 .
、.句型轉換,每空一詞。
1. They go to school by train. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ do they _____ to school?
2. It takes about 20 minutes to go there by bus. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ does it _____ to go there by bus?
3. It is 5 kilometers from my home to school. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ is it from _____ home to school?
4. I’m sure. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
____________________?
5. Students go to school by bike every day. (同義句轉換)
Students _____ _____ _____ to school every day.
6. I often have bread for breakfast. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
_____ you often _____ bread for breakfast?
7. Usually it takes him two hours to finish his homework. (變?yōu)橥x句)
_____usually _____ two hours _____ _____ his homework.
8. Does Jane walk to school? (變?yōu)榭隙ň?
Jane ______ _______school.
9. They take the bus to school. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
______ they______ the bus to school?
10. She takes the subway to go to school. (變?yōu)橥x句)
She ____ _____ school ____ ____.
III.根據漢語(yǔ)意思,完成句子,每空一詞。
1. — 吉姆,你怎樣到校?— 步行。
— Jim, ____ do you ____ ____ school?
— _____ _____.
2. 你們必須騎自行車(chē)去那個(gè)農場(chǎng)。
You ____ ____ ____ ____ bikes to that farm.
3. 我們可以坐火車(chē)去他的家鄉。
We can ______ the train _____ his hometown.
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