來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò )資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-07-27 19:53:08
知識點(diǎn)總結
過(guò)去完成時(shí)①表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對過(guò)去晚些時(shí)候造成的影響或結果②過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作一直持續到過(guò)去晚些時(shí)候將來(lái)可能還要延續。
一、基本結構:主語(yǔ) had 過(guò)去分詞
①肯定句:主語(yǔ) had 過(guò)去分詞.
②否定句:主語(yǔ) had not 過(guò)去分詞.
③一般疑問(wèn)句:Had 主語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞? 肯定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ) had. 否定回答: No,主 語(yǔ) had not .
④特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組 一般疑問(wèn)句(Had 主語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞)?
二、基本用法
1)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作,也可以說(shuō)過(guò)去的時(shí)間關(guān)于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”?梢杂胋y, before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示,也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示,還可能通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。
例如:By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘,我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來(lái)的圖片。
2)表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始,一直延續到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常和for, since構成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
例如:I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
當車(chē)來(lái)的時(shí)候,我在車(chē)站已等了20分鐘。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他說(shuō)自從1949年以來(lái)他就在那家工廠(chǎng)工作。
3)一般說(shuō)來(lái),各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:
( 1 ) by 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
( 2 ) by the end of 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
( 3 ) before 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
常見(jiàn)考法
對于過(guò)去完成時(shí)的考查,多以單選、詞語(yǔ)運用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中靈活運用時(shí)態(tài)的能力。在考試中,一般會(huì )讓大家判斷是否該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
典型例題1:We ____five English songs by the end of last term.
A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned
解析:“到上學(xué)期為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了五首英文歌曲”,by 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,應用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
答案:A
誤區提醒
過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,是指過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的用過(guò)去完成時(shí),在后的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。這種用法常出現在狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句中。
典型例題1:The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school. #p#分頁(yè)標題#e#
A has begun; get B has been on; get C had begun; got D had been on; got
解析:題干的意思是“當王先生到達學(xué)校的時(shí)候,會(huì )議已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了”。表達兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生,“到達”是過(guò)去的,用一般過(guò)去時(shí),“會(huì )議已經(jīng)開(kāi)始”在之前發(fā)生,“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,用過(guò)去完成時(shí),排除 A和 B。而had been on表示會(huì )議應經(jīng)進(jìn)行了多長(cháng)時(shí)間,應和時(shí)間段連用,所以排除。
答案:C
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